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Crypto company bookkeeping: valuing tokens, fees and staking rewards

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Crypto company bookkeeping: valuing tokens, fees and staking rewards is where most founders discover that a wallet balance is not the same as a bookkeeping number. This guide explains how to build defensible valuations and stay audit ready under MiCA and beyond. CRYPTO LICENSE GUIDE · 2026 Crypto company bookkeeping: valuing Crypto licensing across 15+ jurisdictions CONSULTING24.CO Why token valuation is the hardest part of crypto bookkeeping Traditional bookkeeping assumes a single functional currency and market prices that arrive from a bank statement or invoice. Crypto companies face the opposite: an asset that trades continuously, often across dozens of venues, with prices that can diverge by several percent within minutes. For a crypto company, the question is not whether to record a token, but at what value, on which date, and using which source. That choice affects profit and loss, tax liabilities, and the capital figures regulators review. Under IFRS, crypto assets are...

Running an Estonian company while living in Dubai: tax residency questions answered

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You have built a company in Estonia and now you live in Dubai. The structure is common among crypto founders, but the tax questions are not always straightforward. Here is what you need to know about running an Estonian company while living in Dubai. CRYPTO LICENSE GUIDE · 2026 Running an Estonian company Crypto licensing across 15+ jurisdictions CONSULTING24.CO Why this structure is popular among crypto founders Estonia has long been a preferred jurisdiction for crypto businesses because of its clear licensing regime and digital-first administration. The Estonian Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) issues licenses for virtual currency service providers, and the country offers a straightforward process for e-residents to incorporate and manage a company remotely. For founders who want an EU footprint, Estonia provides access to the European market and a business environment that understands digital assets. Dubai, meanwhile, has become a magnet for crypto entrepreneurs because of...

Estonia crypto company after MiCA: what happened to VASP licences

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Estonia once issued more crypto VASP licences than any other EU member state, but MiCA replaced that regime and the old licences no longer exist. For founders, the question is no longer how to keep a VASP licence but how to run an Estonia crypto company after the transition, either as a MiCA-authorised CASP or under a different structure. CRYPTO LICENSE GUIDE · 2026 Estonia crypto company after Crypto licensing across 15+ jurisdictions CONSULTING24.CO What Estonia's VASP regime actually was Estonia amended its Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Act in 2017 and began licensing virtual currency service providers from 2018. Two categories existed: a virtual currency wallet service and a virtual currency exchange service. A provider could hold one or both, and the licence was issued by the Estonian Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU). At its peak, Estonia had issued several thousand VASP licences, far more than any other EU jurisdiction, largely because the application process ...